List of Out of Box (OOB) Site Templates
You can import sites only into sites that are based on the same template as the exported site.
A bit of MSDN searching yielded this forum thread, where someone was kind enough to provide a code snippet and output that listed out all the default templates.

Template ID = 0 Desc: This template is used for initializing a new site. Title: Global template Name: GLOBAL#0
Template ID = 1 Desc: A site for teams to quickly organize, author, and share information. It provides a document library, and lists for managing announcements, calendar items, tasks, and discussions. Title: Team Site Name: STS#0
Template ID = 1 Desc: A blank site for you to customize based on your requirements. Title: Blank Site Name: STS#1
Template ID = 1 Desc: A site for colleagues to work together on a document. It provides a document library for storing the primary document and supporting files, a tasks list for assigning to-do items, and a links list for resources related to the document. Title: Document Workspace Name: STS#2
Template ID = 2 Desc: A site to plan, organize, and capture the results of a meeting. It provides lists for managing the agenda, meeting attendees, and documents. Title: Basic Meeting Workspace Name: MPS#0
Template ID = 2 Desc: A blank meeting site for you to customize based on your requirements. Title: Blank Meeting Workspace Name: MPS#1
Template ID = 2 Desc: A site for meetings that track status or make decisions. It provides lists for creating tasks, storing documents, and recording decisions. Title: Decision Meeting Workspace Name: MPS#2
Template ID = 2 Desc: A site to plan social occasions. It provides lists for tracking attendees, providing directions, and storing pictures of the event. Title: Social Meeting Workspace Name: MPS#3
Template ID = 2 Desc: A site to plan, organize, and capture the results of a meeting. It provides lists for managing the agenda and meeting attendees in addition to two blank pages for you to customize based on your requirements. Title: Multipage Meeting Workspace Name: MPS#4
Template ID = 3 Desc: A site for central administration. It provides Web pages and links for application and operations management. Title: Central Admin Site Name: CENTRALADMIN#0
Template ID = 4 Desc: A site for a community to brainstorm and share ideas. It provides Web pages that can be quickly edited to record information and then linked together through keywords Title: Wiki Site Name: WIKI#0
Template ID = 9 Desc: A site for a person or team to post ideas, observations, and expertise that site visitors can comment on. Title: Blog Name: BLOG#0
Template ID = 7 Desc: A site to centrally manage documents in your enterprise. Title: Document Center Name: BDR#0
Template ID = 14483 Desc: This template creates a site designed for records management. Records managers can configure the routing table to direct incoming files to specific locations. The site prevents records from being modified after they are added to the repository. Title: Records Center Name: OFFILE#0
Template ID = 14483 Desc: This template creates a site designed for records management. Records managers can configure the routing table to direct incoming files to specific locations. The site prevents records from being modified after they are added to the repository. Title: Records Center Name: OFFILE#1
Template ID = 40 Desc: This template creates a site for administering shared services Title: Shared Services Administration Site Name: OSRV#0
Template ID = 20 Desc: This template is obsolete. Title: SharePoint Portal Server Site Name: SPS#0
Template ID = 21 Desc: This web template defines a Personal Space for an individual participating on a SharePoint Portal. Title: SharePoint Portal Server Personal Space Name: SPSPERS#0
Template ID = 22 Desc: A site for delivering personalized views, data, and navigation from this site collection into My Site. It includes personalization specific Web Parts and navigation that is optimized for My Site sites. Title: Personalization Site Name: SPSMSITE#0
Template ID = 30 Desc: This template is obsolete. Title: Contents area Template Name: SPSTOC#0
Template ID = 31 Desc: This template is obsolete. Title: Topic area template Name: SPSTOPIC#0
Template ID = 32 Desc: This template is obsolete. Title: News Site Name: SPSNEWS#0
Template ID = 39 Desc: A blank site for expanding your Web site and quickly publishing Web pages. Contributors can work on draft versions of pages and publish them to make them visible to readers. The site includes document and image libraries for storing Web publishing assets. Title: Publishing Site Name: CMSPUBLISHING#0
Template ID = 53 Desc: This template creates a site for publishing Web pages on a schedule, with workflow features enabled. By default, only Publishing subsites can be created under this site. A Document and Picture Library are included for storing Web publishing assets. Title: Publishing Site Name: BLANKINTERNET#0
Template ID = 53 Desc: This template creates the Press Releases subsite for an Internet-facing corporate presence website. Title: Press Releases Site Name: BLANKINTERNET#1
Template ID = 53 Desc: A site for publishing Web pages on a schedule by using approval workflows. It includes document and image libraries for storing Web publishing assets. By default, only sites with this template can be created under this site. Title: Publishing Site with Workflow Name: BLANKINTERNET#2
Template ID = 33 Desc: A site for publishing news articles and links to news articles. It includes a sample news page and an archive for storing older news items. Title: News Site Name: SPSNHOME#0
Template ID = 34 Desc: A site for listing and categorizing important sites in your organization. It includes different views for categorized sites, top sites, and a site map. Title: Site Directory Name: SPSSITES#0
Template ID = 36 Desc: This template is obsolete. Title: Community area template Name: SPSCOMMU#0
Template ID = 38 Desc: A site for creating, managing, and delivering Web pages, dashboards, and key performance indicators that communicate metrics, goals, and business intelligence information. Title: Report Center Name: SPSREPORTCENTER#0
Template ID = 47 Desc: A starter site hierarchy for an intranet divisional portal. It includes a home page, a News site, a Site Directory, a Document Center, and a Search Center with Tabs. Typically, this site has nearly as many contributors as readers and is used to host team sites. Title: Collaboration Portal Name: SPSPORTAL#0
Template ID = 50 Desc: A site for delivering the search experience. The welcome page includes a search box with two tabs: one for general searches, and another for searches for information about people. You can add and customize tabs to focus on other search scopes or result types. Title: Search Center with Tabs Name: SRCHCEN#0
Template ID = 51 Desc: This template creates a profile site that includes page layout with zones Title: Profiles Name: PROFILES#0
Template ID = 52 Desc: A starter site hierarchy for an Internet-facing site or a large intranet portal. This site can be customized easily with distinctive branding. It includes a home page, a sample press releases subsite, a Search Center, and a login page. Typically, this site has many more readers than contributors, and it is used to publish Web pages with approval workflows. Title: Publishing Portal Name: BLANKINTERNETCONTAINER#0
Template ID = 54 Desc: A site used for hosting personal sites (My Sites) and the public People Profile page. This template needs to be provisioned only once per Shared Service Provider, please consult the documentation for details. Title: My Site Host Name: SPSMSITEHOST#0
Template ID = 90 Desc: A site for delivering the search experience. The site includes pages for search results and advanced searches. Title: Search Center Name: SRCHCENTERLITE#0
Template ID = 90 Desc: The Search Center template creates pages dedicated to search. The main welcome page features a simple search box in the center of the page. The template includes a search results and an advanced search page. This Search Center will not appear in navigation. Title: Search Center Name: SRCHCENTERLITE#1

So now you have a handy reference. You can find the code that was used to generate this at Crate site collection and specify a Particular Template - MSDN Forums, but I'll include it here for convenience:
SPSite siteCollection = new SPSite(parentURL))
SPWeb parentWeb = siteCollection.OpenWeb();
SPWebTemplateCollection Templates = siteCollection.GetWebTemplates(Convert.ToUInt32(LOCALE_ID_ENGLISH));
foreach (SPWebTemplate temp in Templates)
{
Logger.Logger.log(
@"Template ID = " + temp.ID + Environment.NewLine +
" Desc: " + temp.Description + Environment.NewLine +
" Title: " + temp.Title + Environment.NewLine +
" Name: " + temp.Name);
}